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Termites live and work together in nests or colonies. Members of the colony take different forms or castes. These include:
Their wings are equivalent size and form and twice the length of their body. They shed after the colonising flight was created. Shed wings are a good indication of presence.
These are the sexual forms of the colony including prospective kings and queens of colonies .
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The reproductives reside in a central chamber in the nest in which a lady , or queen, will put many thousands of eggs each year over her life span of approximately a decade. Male, or kings, are responsible to fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites develop in the colony by shedding cuticles in the end of each growth stage, slowly changing until they get to the worker, soldier or grownup (winged form). If queens perish, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than employees and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their stronger skin (cuticle) can resist the external environment. Once flight, unlike other insects, the wings of termites are lost and piles of discard wings are a good clue to termite infestations.
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Officials have darker, heads that are bigger than the other castes. They are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers are more demanding than the other castes and take longer to die from most toxins, exposure, or starvation. It is their role to defend the colony, if disturbed, while the damage is repaired by the employees.
Soldiers exist in different forms. Many species have soldiers, with well-developed jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, such as ants.
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Nastute soldiers happen in Nasustitermes species and are only infrequently found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout where they eject a solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Soldiers have a very large head, which can be wedged in tunnels to prevent attackers. The drywood termites, that utilize this strategy, are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The workers account for the greatest number of termites within the colony, and are consequently responsible for the most damage.
They collect food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and repair damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are believed to operate 24 hours a day during their 4-year life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They are blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
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Termites hatch from eggs that have been tended by their nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they're mature enough, the young work within the colony where occupations change with age and maturity.
Once a single colony becomes sufficiently large it generates winged reproductives which wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
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They leave the nest as a swarm under conditions of high humidity atmosphere, and sometimes low light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly around 1km, but breezes site web and updrafts can carry them a lot farther.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and emits a calling scent. Males quickly respond.
They dig in and over the next few weeks, mate and take care of their young until enough workers grow to take over the care roles.
New colonies are occasionally created via budding. This is thought to happen when the extremities of the colony get rid of contact and become independent.
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The main king and queen are thought to exude hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the rest of the colony. This control breaks down if the land is big or contact with groups is lost.
Termites work in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as mammals, which are fed by termites. They then develop into four forms or castes of termite:
Soldiers have big, dark heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are more demanding than other castes and might take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
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Employees are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Workers are the greatest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for maximum harm.
Reproductives that are darker in colour to other castes, have functional eyes and strong skin. This caste becomes the leaders of future colonies.
The temperature, food quality, and action of the colony will determine how long it takes for a termite.